A surgical procedure (also called Apicoectomy) involving the removal of the root tip (apex) and the surrounding infected tissue in the jawbone.
It is a "last resort" to save a natural tooth. If you have had a root canal but the infection returns or won't heal, this surgery removes the source of the problem without extracting the whole tooth.
Yes. It is also known as root-end surgery.
It is done under local anesthesia. Recovery is typically faster than a difficult extraction.